Compressor



April 30,' 1929. A. w.- BRYANT CQMPRES SOR Filed June 24, 1927 liateuted Apr. 30, 1929.

UNITED STATES ALVAH W. BRYANT, F DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

COMPRESSOR.

Application led .Tune 24,

The present invention pertains to a novel compressor constructed particularly for re` frigeration machines, although it will be apparent that the device need not be limited to this particular use since it is suitable for pumping operations in general.

The principal objects ot the invention are to provide a device ot this character wherein thc amount of clearance between the cylinder lo chamber and the intake and exhaust chambers is reduced to a minimum, and wherein access to the valves is possible without dis mantling the machine to any great extent.

In the accomplishment of the first object, a cylinder 'head is mounted upon the cylinder and is formed with intake and exhaust chambers which are drilled from the top thereof nearly to the lower surface. Further, these chambers are in alignment with the cylinder chamber in order to avoid angular or lateral passages to the cylinder chamber, consequently short straight ports between the cylinder chamber and the valve chambers are suiilcient to establish communication between these spaces, and the amount of clearance is therefore very small.

In accordance with the second object ot the invention, plugs are threaded into the valve chambers from the upper ends thereof. These plugs close the upper ends of the chambers and form a part of the interior valve struct-ure. They are accessible at all times at the top of the head, and a4 removal of these plugs exposes the valve chambers so that the various parts therein may readily be removed for repair or replacement.

Still another object ot the invent-ion is to reduce the noise occurring inthe operation of` a compressor. To accomplish this result I use a valve consisting of a loating disk having a small area of contact with its seat, so that it is comparatively silent in engaging the seat to efect closure.

The invention is fully disclosed by way of example in the following description and in the accompanying drawings.I in which- Figure 1 is alongitudinal section oit the upper end of a cylinder and the cylinder head constructed according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line 2-2 of Figure l;

1927. serial No. 201,072.

Fig. 3 is a similarsection With disks removed; and Y Y Fig. 4 is a plan view of one of the disks. Reference to these views will now he made by `use of like characters which are employed the valve todesignate corresponding parts throughout.

rllhe compressor includes a cylinder 1 o en at its upper end and having a piston 2 s idably mounted therein in the usual manner. On the cylinder is mounted a head Shaving on its lower face a circular abutment 4 enter-` ing the upper end of the cylinder chamber. From the Ytop of the headare `formed an` intake chamber 5 and an exhaust chamber which preferably have their longitudinal axes passing through the cavity of the cylinder l` il prolonged.

Into the Achamber threaded a "plug: l?`

which partially obstructs and closes thesame particularly at the upper end thereof. f The lower end 8 also lls the chamber but is formed with a cavity 9 which communicates Awith the chamber since the plug does not reach the base of the chamber.` :On thelovver end of the plug is formed a circular ridge 10 which functions as a valve seat as will presently be pointed out.`

In the cylinder head, at the base of the chamber, is formed a circular groove 1l substantially concentric with the plug and valve seat. In the groove is seated a spring 12, and on the spring is mounted a circular floating valve disk 13 of the type shown in Fivure 4. rlhe disk is of sufficient size to cover the seat vcompletely and is ormedwith marginal lugs la which cooperate with the exposed Wall of the chamber in preventing the circular part of the falve at all times from shifting laterally away romthe seat. `Thecircular groove 1l forms an abutment 15 which permanently centers the spring 12. A series of ports 1G` are drilled from the groove 11 to fthe chamber ot the cylinder for `the purpose of establishing communication between the latter and the chamber 5. The plug? is formed intermediate its ends with a groove 17 in its outer surface, and this groove is brought intofcommuncation with the cavity 9 by'means of ports 17. The head 3 'is formed with an intake passage 18 extending from thebottom thereof to thechamber 5 at the groovelrand another branch 1S ot the intake passage extends trom the outer surface oli the cylinder wall to the base ofthe passage i8. The exterior end of the branch i8' is threaded as at 'i9 tor application of a connecting iitting.

The chamber G is also litted with a plug Q which however closes only the top of the chamber and is formed with a dependingl stem spaced from the wall ot' the chain,- ber. The base ot the chamber 6 has a ring 2l threaded therethrough 'far as the cyl inder chamber, and this ring has a central port 2Q which connects the cylinder chamber to the exhaust chamber G. On the upper tace ot the ring formed a ridge 23 surrountling the passage 22 and constituting a valve seat. On the valve seat is mounted a float-ing valve disk Qel similar to that described in connection with the intake chamber. rlhe lower end oit the stem has a recess 25 into which is litted a spring 26 normally pressing the disk 24: upon its seat 23.

The means of communication between the exhaust chamber G and the exterior oli the cylinder is similar to that described in connee tion with the intake chamber. An exhaust passage 2T leads trom the chamber (3 'i'o the base oli the head and is continued by a branch 28 ilormed through the top of the cylinder wall.

The cylinder head is hollow exteriorly ot the passages 18 and 27 in order to provide a water jacket 29. The top of the head has openings 230 conununieating with the water jacket for supplying water thereto. `Bolts 3l passed through the head tix the latter to the top of the cylinder.

Gn, the down stroke ot the cylinder the valve 13 is moved away irom its seat while the valve Q4 is drawn lirmly upon'its seat. Gas is drawn into the cylinder through the intake chamber and ports 1G but cannot escape through the exhaust chamber on this stroke. When the piston moves iuiwardly, the valve 13 seats against the ridge l0 and closes the intake chamber from the cylinder, while the valve 24 rises from its seat and enables discharge through the exhaust chamber (i and passages Q5? and QS.

The plugs 7 and Q() are always accessible ,from the top of the cylinder head, whereby access to the valves for the purpose of repair y or replacement is always possible by removing the plugs. No other parts ot the apparatus need be dismantled. When the plugs are moved, 1t is a simple matter to replace the valve disks, springs or the ring 21. lt

will also be noted that the close proximity o'E the intake and exhaust chambers to the cylinder chamber and the small volume of the connecting ports 16 and Q2 reduces the clearance to a minimum.

The valve seats 10 and 23 are preferably hardened and ground, prior to assembling the device, in order better to take the wear.

The small area ot contact between the valve disks and their respective seats necessarily reduces clattering to a minimum and causes considerably noise than occurs in other types of valves, such as pop pet valves for example.

Although a speciiic embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and described, it will be Imdersteod that various alterations in the details ol construction may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as indicated by the appended claims.

That- I claim is l. In a head having a valve chamber ltormed therein, a plug fitted into said chamber and having a cavity in its lower end, a valve seat 'formed on the lower end of said plug, a spring seated on the base of the chamber beneath said plug, a valve disk mounted on said spring and adapted to cooperate with said seat, the base of said head being ported to establish communication between said chamber and a cylinder, and inlet means for said chamber.

2. In a head having a valve chamber Aformed therein, a plug iitted into said chamber and having a stem spaced from the Wall oi" said chamber, a seat formed on the base of said chamber and adapted to establish co1nmunication between said chamber and a cylinder, a valve disk mounted on said seat, a spring positioned between said seat and the lower endet said stem. and outlet means for said chamber.

3. In a head having a valve chamber termed therein, a. plug lititted into said cha1nber and having a cavity in its lower end, a valve seat 'formed on the lower end of: said plug, said head havingl an annular groove termed in the base ol said chamber and substantially concentric therewith, a spring seated in said groove, a valve disk mounted on said spring and adapted to cooperate with said seat, the base el' said head being ported to establish connnunicati on between said chamber and a cylinder, and inlet means for said chamber.

4. In a head having a valve chamber formed therein, a plug `ttted into said chamber and having a stem spaced from the wall of said chamber, a ring fitted into the base ol said chamber and establishing communication between said chamber and a cylinder, a valve seat `formed on said ring, a valve disk mounted on said seat, a spring seated in the lower end oit said stem and bearing upon said disk, and outlet means for said chamber.

5. ln a head having an intake chamber and an exhaust chamber lormed therein, and separate means of communication 'from said chambers to the exterior oi said head, a valve system comprising, a plug fitted into said intake chamber and having a cavity in the lower end thereof, said cavity communicating with the means of communication between the intake chamber and the exterior of the head, a valve seat formed on the lower end of said plug, a spring seated on the base of said chamber beneath said plug, a valve disk mounted on said spring and adapted to cooperate with said seat, said base being ported to establish communication between the intake chamber and a cylinder, another plug tted into the exhaust chamber and having a stem spaced from the wall of the cham l0 ber, a valve seat formed on the base of said exhaust chamber and adapted to establish communication between the exhaust chamber and a cylinder, a valve disk mounted on said last named seat, and a spring inserted between said stem and said last named disk.

In testimony whereof I affix In signature. l

ALVAH W. B YANT. 

